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R. H. AVERY 86 L. B. BERRIEN.

GULTIVATOR.

No. 329,802. Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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GULTIVATOR. No. 329,802. Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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ROBERT II. AVERY AN D LEONARD B. BERRIEN, OF PEORIA, ILL, ASSIGN- TO THE AVERY PLANTER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

CULTIVATO R.

fQl'lllillg part of Letters Patent No. 329,802, dated November 3, 1885.

Application filed July 31, 1885.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT H. AVERY and LEONARD Bnnnrnx, residing at Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois, and

citizens of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cultivators, of which the following is a full description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the shovels down upon the ground. Fig. 2 is a side view showing the plow-beam raised and suspended. Fig. 8 is a detail and aside elevation of the part represented. Fig. 4 is a plan of the same. Fig. 5 is a plan, Fig. 6 a side elevation, and Fig. 7 a front view of the part represented. Fig. 8 is a section through line m of Fig. 1, showing only one side of the cultivator. This figure is in fact a rear view of the principal parts shown. Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 1a are details showing the devices used for connecting the plow-beam with the arch.

Our improvements relate mainly to tongueless cultivators, although some of them are equally well adapted for use in a cultivator which has a tongue.

The leading objects of our improvements are to support the arch or frame by caster- 0 wheels so located and arranged that the arch and frame will partly counterbalance the weight of the gangs, and thus take the place of a spring in a tongueless cultivator, and also cause the frame t9 swing into the line of draft when the shovels are moved laterally; to provide stops connected with the frame, which, when the gangs are hung upon the frame,will prevent is from falling back; to provide devices for preventing the arch from falling for- 0 ward; to provide devices adapted to overcome the tendency of the plows to crowd, leaving the frame free; to provide devices by means of which the tendency of the draft to balance the beams and gangs can be varied, and to provide an improved device for adjusting the pitch of the shovel-standards, which we accomplish as illustrated in the drawings. Those things which we claim as new will be pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A represents the main part of the arch, provided, upon each side with a horizontal part, a, as usual.

B is a casting, of the form shown in Figs. 5,

6, and 7, provided at one end with a socket, b.

by means of which and a set-screw the part B is secured upon the end of the arch. The other end of B has a vertical bearing, 0.

, O is a casting having at its forward end a .pintle, d, by which it is pivoted in c.

e is a short axle rigidly secured to 0, upon which axle the wheel D is placed. The rear end of this casting 0 extends backward and downward, as shown in the drawings, and the extreme rear end, 1', may be formed as represented. 6 5

E is a vertical draw-bar provided with a series of holes. Its lower end is bolted to B, and its upper end is provided with a rearward extension, j, which is secured to the outer end of a bar, g, which is secured to the arch. This bar 9 is provided with a series of notches, h, in its upper edge.

F is a plow-beam G is a casting bolted to the forward end of the beam.

H is a sleeve upon the horizontal part of the axle. The back side of this sleeve is provided with angular projections i.

I is a casting provided upon its face with notches to receive the projections 13 on H, and its ends are provided with ears j.

J is a clip by means of which and bolts the casting I is secured to the sleeveH. The beam can be swung to either side, because it is pivoted at its forward end upon a pin, 76, which passes through the ears] and through G. The part I is provided with a long slot,

Z, to permit the vertical adjustment of I upon the sleeve H.

K is a rod hinged at one end to the beam, 0 and having a hook at its other end to engage with the bar 9.

L is an arm extending rearward from the vertical part of the arch.

M is a hook secured to the beam. 5

N are the shovel-standards. Each standard is provided with a brace rod or arm, 0, one end of which is pivoted to the standard, and the other end is bolted to the beam. This end which is bolted to the beam is enlarged IOO and provided with two vertical slots, m a. The walls of the slots are not straight, but are provided with indentations corresponding sub stantially in form with the bolt by which the bar is secured to the beam.

p are braces. The operation is as follows: The forward end of the casting B is at a considerable dis- Lance forward of the arch. The frame is supported by the parts 0 upon the forward ends of O, and O is pivoted in the hubs of the wheels by the axles e. The arrangement of these parts is such that the weight of the frame partly counterbalances the weight of the beams and gangs of shovels, the pivotal points of the frame for this purpose being in the hubs of the wheels, which are located back of the archflihile at the same time the weight of the frame acts upon the forward ends of O. The location and arrangement of the caster-wheels and frame also causes the frame to swing into the line of draft when the shovels are moved from side to side, the

frame being in effect jointed to'the wheels at t .vo points-the pivots of the casters and the hubs of the wheels. The wheels will be maintained in the line of progression because they are caster-wheels, and not by any direct application of force. The draft of the team through the vertical draw-barE, connected, as described, has a tendency to counterbalance the weight of the gangs and beams, and this tendency can. be increased or diminished by raising or lowering the point of attachment of the whiffletrees to the vertical draw-bar. The beams can be hung upon the arms L by means of the hooks M, and then the weight of the beams and gangs has a tendency to throw the arch backward. As the arch moves back the arms 0 swing upon their pivots in the hubs of the wheels, raising their forward ends and depressing their rear ends, thus soon bringing the rear ends, 1", of such arms 0 in contact with the ground, thus limiting the backward movement of the arch. It is common to change the positions of the shovels to throw the dirt to or from the plants, which changes the draft, and in different soils and in different conditions the draft is also changed, and the beams oftentimes have a tendency to crowd either in or out. To overcome this difficulty, we have provided the notched bars 9 and the rods K, and by adj usting the forward ends of these rods in the different notches h this tendency to crowd can be overcome. The forward end of this rod K can be, connected with a notch in direct line with the beam or either to the right or left thereof. When in direct line with the beam, of course it will not act on the beam. When placed to the right, it will counteract the tendency of the beam to crowd to the left, and when placed to the left of the beam it will counteract its tendency to crowd to the right. By providing the forward ends of the bracebars 0 with one or more long slots provided with notches, as shown and described, the

pitch of the standards can be adjusted by simply loosening the nut which holds the bolt without removing the bolt, as would be necessary if holes only were provided, and when the nut has been tightened, the bolt being in one of the notches, the forward end of the bar 0 will be prevented from slipping. The hooked rods K serve the further useful purpose of holding the arch in a vertical position and preventing it from tipping forward when the cultivator is in use, the hooks engaging with the bar 9, as before described. To prevent the wheel D from swinging too far either way, we provide a stop, which, as shown,

consists of a projection, s, at the forward end of the bar 0, which proj ection enters a slot or notch in the wall of the socket or bearing 0. The bar 0 may be made in two parts riveted or otherwise secured together; but we prefer to make it in a single piece.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure I by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a cultivator, the combination of an arch, A, shovelbeams F, wheels D, mounted on axles which are independent of the arch,

and are located in a plane a little to the rear of the arch, and also turn on pivots on a support which projects forward from the arch, whereby the wheels operate as caster-wheels, and the weight of the frame in part counterbalances the weight of the beams and shovels, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of an arch, A, a vertical draw-bar, E, a cross-bar, 9, connecting the draw-bar with the arch, a shovel-beam, F, and a hooked rod, K, hinged at one end to the beam and having its hooked end engaging the cross-bar when the cultivator is in use to prevent the arch from tipping forward, substantially as described.

3. In a cultivator, the combination of an arch, A, notched bar 9, shovel-beams F, and hooks K, for the purpose of preventing the arch from tipping forward, and also to counteract the side pull of the shovels, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with an arch, A, of a casting, B, connected therewith, a bar, 0, having its front end swiveled in said casting, and provided with a spindle, 49, carrying a wheel and disconnected from the arch, to permit the bar and wheel to move laterally, said bar extending rearward beyond the periphery of the wheel, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination, of the arch A, the casting B, projecting forward therefrom, and the vertical draw-bar E, connected at one end with the forward end of the casting and' at the other end with the arch, to which draw-bar the draft-animals may be attached at different heights, to more or-less aid in counterbalancing the weight of the beams and shovels, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with ashovel,-of the ICC pivoted brace 0, having ahead provided with and standard N, substantially as and for the a slot arranged at an angle to the brace and purposes specified. having its edges indented to approximately ROBERT H. AVERY. correspond with the bolt by which the brace 5 is secured to a beam, substantially as de LEONARD BERRIEN' scribed. Witnesses:

7. The brace 0, provided with a head hav- FRANK O. CUNNINGHAM,

ing slots m n, in combination with a beam, F, W. T. WVHITING. 

